diff --git a/condition.py b/condition.py
index 9377688..12aec2a 100644
--- a/condition.py
+++ b/condition.py
@@ -47,8 +47,9 @@ def conditions():
 @app.route("/condition", methods=["GET", "POST"])
 def new_condition():
     form = ConditionForm(request.form)
+    page_title='Create new Condition'
     if 'name' not in request.form:
-        return render_template("edit_id_name.html", form=form, page_title='Create new Condition' )
+        return render_template("edit_id_name.html", form=form, page_title=page_title )
     else:
         condition = Condition( name=request.form["name"] )
         try:
@@ -59,7 +60,7 @@ def new_condition():
         except SQLAlchemyError as e:
             st.SetAlert( "danger" )
             st.SetMessage( "<b>Failed to add condition:</b>&nbsp;{}".format( e.orig) )
-            return render_template("edit_id_name.html", form=form, page_title='Create new Condition', alert=st.GetAlert(), message=st.GetMessage() )
+            return render_template("edit_id_name.html", form=form, page_title=page_title, alert=st.GetAlert(), message=st.GetMessage() )
 
 ################################################################################
 # /condition/<id> -> GET/POST(save or delete) -> shows/edits/delets a single condition
@@ -68,6 +69,7 @@ def new_condition():
 def condition(id):
     ### DDP: should this be request.form or request.values?
     form = ConditionForm(request.form)
+    page_title='Edit Condition'
     if request.method == 'POST' and form.validate():
         try:
             condition = Condition.query.get(id)
@@ -81,12 +83,12 @@ def condition(id):
             return redirect( '/conditions' )
         except SQLAlchemyError as e:
             st.SetAlert( "danger" )
-            st.SetMessage( "<b>Failed to modity condition:</b>&nbsp;{}".format(e.orig) )
-            return render_template("edit_id_name.html", form=form, page_title='Edit Condition', alert=st.GetAlert(), message=st.GetMessage() ) 
+            st.SetMessage( "<b>Failed to modify Condition:</b>&nbsp;{}".format(e.orig) )
+            return render_template("edit_id_name.html", form=form, page_title=page_title, alert=st.GetAlert(), message=st.GetMessage() ) 
     else:
         condition = Condition.query.get(id)
         form = ConditionForm(request.values, obj=condition)
-    return render_template("edit_id_name.html", form=form, page_title='Edit Condition' )
+    return render_template("edit_id_name.html", form=form, page_title=page_title )
 
 ################################################################################
 # Gets the Condition matching id from DB, helper func in jinja2 code to show books
diff --git a/covertype.py b/covertype.py
index ff99c43..62d21bb 100644
--- a/covertype.py
+++ b/covertype.py
@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@ from flask import request, render_template, redirect
 from flask_wtf import FlaskForm
 from __main__ import db, app, ma
 from sqlalchemy import func, Sequence
+from sqlalchemy.exc import SQLAlchemyError
 from status import st, Status
 
 ################################################################################
@@ -46,14 +47,21 @@ def covertypes():
 @app.route("/covertype", methods=["GET", "POST"])
 def new_covertype():
     form = CovertypeForm(request.form)
+    page_title='Create new Covertype'
     if 'name' not in request.form:
-        return render_template("edit_id_name.html", form=form, page_title='Create new Covertype' )
+        return render_template("edit_id_name.html", form=form, page_title=page_title )
     else:
         covertype = Covertype( name=request.form["name"] )
-        db.session.add(covertype)
-        db.session.commit()
-        st.SetMessage( "Created new Covertype (id={})".format(covertype.id) )
-        return redirect( '/covertypes' )
+        try:
+            db.session.add(covertype)
+            db.session.commit()
+            st.SetMessage( "Created new Covertype (id={})".format(covertype.id) )
+            return redirect( '/covertypes' )
+        except SQLAlchemyError as e:
+            st.SetAlert( "danger" )
+            st.SetMessage( "<b>Failed to add covertype:</b>&nbsp;{}".format( e.orig) )
+            return render_template("edit_id_name.html", form=form, page_title=page_title, alert=st.GetAlert(), message=st.GetMessage() )
+            
 
 ################################################################################
 # /covertype/<id> -> GET/POST(save or delete) -> shows/edits/delets a single covertype
@@ -62,20 +70,26 @@ def new_covertype():
 def covertype(id):
     ### DDP: should this be request.form or request.values?
     form = CovertypeForm(request.form)
+    page_title='Edit Covertype'
     if request.method == 'POST' and form.validate():
-        covertype = Covertype.query.get(id)
-        if 'delete' in request.form:
-            st.SetMessage("Successfully deleted (id={}, name={})".format( covertype.id, covertype.name ) )
-            covertype = Covertype.query.filter(Covertype.id==id).delete()
-        if 'submit' in request.form:
-            st.SetMessage("Successfully Updated Covertype (id={})".format(id) )
-            covertype.name = request.form['name']
-        db.session.commit()
-        return redirect( '/covertypes' )
+        try:
+            covertype = Covertype.query.get(id)
+            if 'delete' in request.form:
+                st.SetMessage("Successfully deleted (id={}, name={})".format( covertype.id, covertype.name ) )
+                covertype = Covertype.query.filter(Covertype.id==id).delete()
+            if 'submit' in request.form:
+                st.SetMessage("Successfully Updated Covertype (id={})".format(id) )
+                covertype.name = request.form['name']
+            db.session.commit()
+            return redirect( '/covertypes' )
+        except SQLAlchemyError as e:
+            st.SetAlert( "danger" )
+            st.SetMessage( "<b>Failed to modify Covertype:</b>&nbsp;{}".format(e.orig) )
+            return render_template("edit_id_name.html", form=form, page_title=page_title, alert=st.GetAlert(), message=st.GetMessage() )
     else:
         covertype = Covertype.query.get(id)
         form = CovertypeForm(request.values, obj=covertype)
-    return render_template("edit_id_name.html", form=form, page_title='Edit Covertype' )
+    return render_template("edit_id_name.html", form=form, page_title=page_title )
 
 ################################################################################
 # Gets the Covertype matching id from DB, helper func in jinja2 code to show books
diff --git a/genre.py b/genre.py
index 832e71d..45ee4b7 100644
--- a/genre.py
+++ b/genre.py
@@ -47,8 +47,9 @@ def genres():
 @app.route("/genre", methods=["GET", "POST"])
 def new_genre():
     form = GenreForm(request.form)
+    page_title='Create new Genre'
     if 'name' not in request.form:
-        return render_template("edit_id_name.html", form=form, page_title='Create new Genre' )
+        return render_template("edit_id_name.html", form=form, page_title=page_title )
     else:
         genre = Genre( name=request.form["name"] )
         try:
@@ -59,7 +60,7 @@ def new_genre():
         except SQLAlchemyError as e:
             st.SetAlert( "danger" )
             st.SetMessage( "<b>Failed to add Genre:</b>&nbsp;{}".format( e.orig) )
-            return render_template("edit_id_name.html", form=form, page_title='Create new Genre', alert=st.GetAlert(), message=st.GetMessage() )
+            return render_template("edit_id_name.html", form=form, page_title=page_title, alert=st.GetAlert(), message=st.GetMessage() )
 
 ################################################################################
 # /genre/<id> -> GET/POST(save or delete) -> shows/edits/delets a single genre
@@ -68,6 +69,7 @@ def new_genre():
 def genre(id):
     ### DDP: should this be request.form or request.values?
     form = GenreForm(request.form)
+    page_title='Edit Genre'
     if request.method == 'POST' and form.validate():
         try:
             genre = Genre.query.get(id)
@@ -81,12 +83,12 @@ def genre(id):
             return redirect( '/genres' )
         except SQLAlchemyError as e:
             st.SetAlert( "danger" )
-            st.SetMessage( "<b>Failed to modity Genre:</b>&nbsp;{}".format(e.orig) )
-            return render_template("edit_id_name.html", form=form, page_title='Edit Genre', alert=st.GetAlert(), message=st.GetMessage() )
+            st.SetMessage( "<b>Failed to modify Genre:</b>&nbsp;{}".format(e.orig) )
+            return render_template("edit_id_name.html", form=form, page_title=page_title, alert=st.GetAlert(), message=st.GetMessage() )
     else:
         genre = Genre.query.get(id)
         form = GenreForm(request.values, obj=genre)
-    return render_template("edit_id_name.html", form=form, page_title='Edit Genre' )
+    return render_template("edit_id_name.html", form=form, page_title=page_title )
 
 ################################################################################
 # Gets the Genre matching id from DB, helper func in jinja2 code to show books
diff --git a/owned.py b/owned.py
index 5591ef9..1e09093 100644
--- a/owned.py
+++ b/owned.py
@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@ from flask import request, render_template, redirect
 from flask_wtf import FlaskForm
 from __main__ import db, app, ma
 from sqlalchemy import func, Sequence
+from sqlalchemy.exc import SQLAlchemyError
 from status import st, Status
 
 ################################################################################
@@ -46,14 +47,20 @@ def owneds():
 @app.route("/owned", methods=["GET", "POST"])
 def new_owned():
     form = OwnedForm(request.form)
+    page_title='Create new Ownership Type'
     if 'name' not in request.form:
-        return render_template("edit_id_name.html", form=form, page_title='Create new Owned Type' )
+        return render_template("edit_id_name.html", form=form, page_title=page_title )
     else:
         owned = Owned( name=request.form["name"] )
-        db.session.add(owned)
-        db.session.commit()
-        st.SetMessage( "Created new Owned Type (id={})".format(owned.id) )
-        return redirect( '/owneds' )
+        try:
+            db.session.add(owned)
+            db.session.commit()
+            st.SetMessage( "Created new Owned Type (id={})".format(owned.id) )
+            return redirect( '/owneds' )
+        except SQLAlchemyError as e:
+            st.SetAlert( "danger" )
+            st.SetMessage( "<b>Failed to add Ownership type:</b>&nbsp;{}".format( e.orig) )
+            return render_template("edit_id_name.html", form=form, page_title=page_title, alert=st.GetAlert(), message=st.GetMessage() )
 
 ################################################################################
 # /owned/<id> -> GET/POST(save or delete) -> shows/edits/delets a single owned
@@ -63,15 +70,20 @@ def owned(id):
     ### DDP: should this be request.form or request.values?
     form = OwnedForm(request.form)
     if request.method == 'POST' and form.validate():
-        owned = Owned.query.get(id)
-        if 'delete' in request.form:
-            st.SetMessage("Successfully deleted (id={}, name={})".format( owned.id, owned.name ) )
-            owned = Owned.query.filter(Owned.id==id).delete()
-        if 'submit' in request.form:
-            owned.name = request.form['name']
-            st.SetMessage("Successfully Updated Owned (id={})".format(id) )
-        db.session.commit()
-        return redirect( '/owneds' )
+        try:
+            owned = Owned.query.get(id)
+            if 'delete' in request.form:
+                st.SetMessage("Successfully deleted (id={}, name={})".format( owned.id, owned.name ) )
+                owned = Owned.query.filter(Owned.id==id).delete()
+            if 'submit' in request.form:
+                owned.name = request.form['name']
+                st.SetMessage("Successfully Updated Owned (id={})".format(id) )
+            db.session.commit()
+            return redirect( '/owneds' )
+        except SQLAlchemyError as e:
+            st.SetAlert( "danger" )
+            st.SetMessage( "<b>Failed to modify Ownership Type:</b>&nbsp;{}".format(e.orig) )
+            return render_template("edit_id_name.html", form=form, page_title='Edit Ownership Type', alert=st.GetAlert(), message=st.GetMessage() )
     else:
         obj = Owned.query.get(id)
         form = OwnedForm(request.values, obj=obj)
diff --git a/rating.py b/rating.py
index e806bc8..4e70046 100644
--- a/rating.py
+++ b/rating.py
@@ -47,8 +47,9 @@ def ratings():
 @app.route("/rating", methods=["GET", "POST"])
 def new_rating():
     form = RatingForm(request.form)
+    page_title='Create new Rating'
     if 'name' not in request.form:
-        return render_template("edit_id_name.html", form=form, page_title='Create new Rating' )
+        return render_template("edit_id_name.html", form=form, page_title=page_title )
     else:
         rating = Rating( name=request.form["name"] )
         try:
@@ -59,7 +60,7 @@ def new_rating():
         except SQLAlchemyError as e:
             st.SetAlert( "danger" )
             st.SetMessage( "<b>Failed to add rating:</b>&nbsp;{}".format( e.orig) )
-            return render_template("edit_id_name.html", form=form, page_title='Create new Rating', alert=st.GetAlert(), message=st.GetMessage() )
+            return render_template("edit_id_name.html", form=form, page_title=page_title, alert=st.GetAlert(), message=st.GetMessage() )
 
 ################################################################################
 # /rating/<id> -> GET/POST(save or delete) -> shows/edits/delets a single rating
@@ -68,6 +69,7 @@ def new_rating():
 def rating(id):
     ### DDP: should this be request.form or request.values?
     form = RatingForm(request.form)
+    page_title='Edit Rating'
     if request.method == 'POST' and form.validate():
         try:
             rating = Rating.query.get(id)
@@ -81,12 +83,12 @@ def rating(id):
             return redirect( '/ratings' )
         except SQLAlchemyError as e:
             st.SetAlert( "danger" )
-            st.SetMessage( "<b>Failed to modity rating:</b>&nbsp;{}".format(e.orig) )
-            return render_template("edit_id_name.html", form=form, page_title='Edit Rating', alert=st.GetAlert(), message=st.GetMessage() )
+            st.SetMessage( "<b>Failed to modify Rating:</b>&nbsp;{}".format(e.orig) )
+            return render_template("edit_id_name.html", form=form, page_title=page_title, alert=st.GetAlert(), message=st.GetMessage() )
     else:
         rating = Rating.query.get(id)
         form = RatingForm(request.values, obj=rating)
-    return render_template("edit_id_name.html", form=form, page_title='Edit Rating' )
+    return render_template("edit_id_name.html", form=form, page_title=page_title )
 
 ################################################################################
 # Gets the Rating matching id from DB, helper func in jinja2 code to show books